Reference values for thyroid volume by ultrasound in iodine-sufficient schoolchildren
These data from 6 study sites on five continents appear in a paper by Zimmermann et al (IDD Newsletter 19(4): 62-64, 2003) Additional details can be found in Zimmermann MB, Hess S, Molinari L, deBenoist B., Delange F, Braverman LE et al. New reference values for thyroid volume by ultrasound in iodine-sufficient schoolchildren: a WHO/NHD Iodine Deficiency Study Group Report. Am J Clin Nutr (in press, 2003))
Table 1. Sample size, ethnicity, age, body surface area (BSA), sex ratio, and urinary iodine (UI) concentration by study site.
|
Location
|
n
|
Ethnicity
|
Age (yr)
|
Boy:girl ratio
|
UI (µg/L)
|
|
Jona, Switzerland
|
724
|
Nearly all White
|
9.6±2.2
|
1.01
|
118 (11-446)
|
|
Manama,
Bahrain
|
605
|
Nearly all Arab
|
9.2±1.9
|
0.95
|
178 (4-678)
|
|
Cape Town,
South Africa
|
651
|
Mainly Black and Indian
|
9.6±2.0
|
0.97
|
191 (4-704)
|
|
Lima,
Peru
|
674
|
Nearly all Hispanic
|
9.5±1.9
|
1.21
|
253 (32-931)
|
|
Chelsea, MA,
USA
|
565
|
Mainly Hispanic and White
|
8.6±1.3
|
1.16
|
285 (25-1849)
|
|
Asahikawa, Japan
|
310
|
Asian
|
9.2±1.7
|
1.05
|
288 (51-12764)
|
|
All sites
|
3529
|
|
9.3±1.9
|
1.05
|
203 (4-12764)
|
Table 2. Gender-specific median (P50) and 97th percentile (P97) of thyroid volume (ml) by age measured by ultrasound in an international sample of 6-12 yr-old children from areas of long-term iodine sufficiency.
|
|
Boys
|
Girls
|
|||
|
Age(yrs)
|
n
|
P50
|
P97
|
P50
|
P97
|
|
6
|
468
|
1.60
|
2.91
|
1.57
|
2.84
|
|
7
|
561
|
1.80
|
3.29
|
1.81
|
3.26
|
|
8
|
579
|
2.03
|
3.71
|
2.08
|
3.76
|
|
9
|
588
|
2.30
|
4.19
|
2.40
|
4.32
|
|
10
|
528
|
2.59
|
4.73
|
2.76
|
4.98
|
|
11
|
492
|
2.92
|
5.34
|
3.17
|
5.73
|
|
12
|
313
|
3.30
|
6.03
|
3.65
|
6.59
|
Table 3. Gender-specific median (P50) and 97th percentile (P97) of thyroid volume (ml) by body surface area (BSA) measured by ultrasound an international sample of 6-12 yr-old children from areas of long-term iodine sufficiency.
|
|
Boys
|
Girls
|
|||
|
BSA(m2)
|
n
|
P50
|
P97
|
P50
|
P97
|
|
0.7
|
138
|
1.47
|
2.62
|
1.46
|
2.56
|
|
0.8
|
493
|
1.66
|
2.95
|
1.67
|
2.91
|
|
0.9
|
592
|
1.86
|
3.32
|
1.9
|
3.32
|
|
1.0
|
640
|
2.10
|
3.73
|
2.17
|
3.79
|
|
1.1
|
536
|
2.36
|
4.2
|
2.47
|
4.32
|
|
1.2
|
445
|
2.65
|
4.73
|
2.82
|
4.92
|
|
1.3
|
330
|
2.99
|
5.32
|
3.21
|
5.61
|
|
1.4
|
174
|
3.36
|
5.98
|
3.66
|
6.40
|
|
1.5
|
104
|
3.78
|
6.73
|
4.17
|
7.29
|
|
1.6
|
77
|
4.25
|
7.57
|
4.76
|
8.32
|
